Git Cheat Sheet
Summary
Git is a version control system used for tracking changes in text files. This cheat sheet lists the most common and useful Git commands. Refer to the official Git documentation for more in-depth information.
Configuration #
Configure user information:
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"
Set default text editor to Vim:
git config --global core.editor vim
Set default branch name to main:
git config --global init.defaultBranch main
Create and clone repositories #
Initialize a new repository:
git init
Clone a repository:
git clone repository.git
Basic commands #
Check repository status:
git status
Add changes in file to staging:
git add file
Commit changes:
git commit -m "Commit message"
Commit all changes (including untracked files):
git commit -am "Commit message"
Branching #
Viewing branches #
See all local branches:
$ git branch
See all remote branches:
$ git branch -r
Creating branches #
Create a new branch banch_name:
git branch branch_name
Switch to branch_name branch:
git checkout branch_name
Create new_branch branch from current branch and switch to it:
git checkout -b new_branch
Create new_branch branch from main branch:
$ git checkout -b new_branch main
Deleting branches #
Delete local branch_name branch:
git branch -d branch_name
Delete local branch_name branch with unmerged/unpushed commits:
$ git branch -D branch_name
Delete remote branch branch_name:
$ git push origin --delete branch_name
Merging branches #
Merge changes from branch_name branch into the current branch:
git merge branch_name
Remote repositories #
Add a remote repository:
git remote add origin repository.git
Show remote URL of current repository:
$ git config --get remote.origin.url
Push changes to a remote repository:
git push -u origin branch_name
Pull changes from a remote repository:
git pull origin branch_name
Fetch changes from a remote repository (without merging):
git fetch
Switching remote URLs from HTTPS to SSH
$ git remote set-url origin git@example.com:username/repository.git
Reset (undo) #
Soft reset #
Discard changes in file in the working directory:
git checkout -- file
Unstage changes in file:
git reset file
Amend (change) the last commit:
git commit --amend
Hard reset #
Set Git back to HEAD:
git reset --hard HEAD
Set Git back to the commit before the HEAD:
git reset --hard HEAD^
Set Git back to the n-th commit before the HEAD:
git reset --hard HEAD~n
Stage file for removal (untrack), without removing it from the working dir:
$ git rm -r --cached file
Stashing #
Stash changes:
git stash
Apply stashed changes:
git stash apply
Tagging #
Create a lightweight tag:
git tag tag_name
Create an annotated tag:
git tag -a tag_name -m "Tag message"
List all tags:
git tag
Git Large File Storage (LFS) #
Install Git-LFS:
$ git lfs install
Read Git-LFS help page for <command>:
$ git lfs help <command>
$ git lfs <command> -h
Add .png file type to be handled by Git LFS:
$ git lfs track "*.png"
Remove .png file type from Git LFS:
$ git lfs untrack "*.png"
Log and history #
Show commit history:
git log
Show commit history with a graph:
git log --graph --oneline --all
These commands cover the basics of using Git. Adjust them based on your specific needs and remember to refer to the official Git documentation for more in-depth information.
Further readings #
Sources and recommended, further resources on the topic:
Author
Jonas Jared Jacek (J15k)
Jonas works as project manager, web designer, and web developer since 2001. On top of that, he is a Linux system administrator with a broad interest in things related to programming, architecture, and design. See: https://www.j15k.com/License
License: Git Cheat Sheet by Jonas Jared Jacek is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
This license requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, for noncommercial purposes only. To give credit, provide a link back to the original source, the author, and the license e.g. like this:
<p xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><a property="dct:title" rel="cc:attributionURL" href="https://www.ditig.com/publications/git-cheat-sheet">Git Cheat Sheet</a> by <a rel="cc:attributionURL dct:creator" property="cc:attributionName" href="https://www.j15k.com/">Jonas Jared Jacek</a> is licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="license noopener noreferrer">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>.</p>For more information see the DITig legal page.
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